Past tenses

Past tenses

The infinitivePresent participle

Past participle

To + verb verb + ing verb+ d or ed
Mind the irregular verbs
To close ,To walkClosing, Walking Closed ,Walked To drinkDrinkingDrunkTo takeTakingTaken

The simple past

Simple pastThe rule
ExampleHe was/he drank/he went/he played
Yesterday, last week, last month, last year, a month ago....

verb+d or ed

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28029.gif
I visited New York City a month ago.

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28032.gif

He ate chicken yesterday.

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28033.gifJames smoked for most of his life.
(Maybe for 30 years)
Question

Did + verb

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28034.gif

Did you find the answer?

Negation

Did not (didn't)+ verb

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28035.gif

I didn't find the answer.
I did not find the answer.

Short answerDid
Did not (didn't)
http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28036.gifYes, I did.
No, I did not (didn't).
Past Continuous (Progressive)The rule
Example

he was playing/he was eating
All night, all day, while, yesterday..)

Was+ were+ verb+ing

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I was reading a novel yesterday evening.
(I spent the whole evening reading)

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28037.gif

I was reading a novel, while he was playing.
(At the same time)

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28038.gifThey were living in Moscow.
(Now, they live in London)

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28039.gif Note
We can use the past simple and the past continuous in the same sentence.

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/27939.gifI was reading a novel, when the phone rang.

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28040.gif
http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28041.gifWe were playing games, when she arrived.http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28042.gifPast perfectThe rule
Example

He had played/he had gone

Had+past participle
http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28046.gif
I had finished my work by nine o’clock.

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28037.gif

I had played games before I went to bed.
(Two actions: one action before the other one )

Past perfect continuous The rule
Example

He had been playing
He had been going

Had+been+ present participle
http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28060.gif
Really, I was very tired! I had been revising all evening.

http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28058.gif

I had been waiting for James for thirty minutes when he finally arrived.
(James arrived after thirty minutes )
http://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28064.gifhttp://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28064.gifhttp://ns203417.ovh.net/cgi2/myexam/images2/28064.gif

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